Buenos Aires
Breast Cancer
Symposium

BA-BCS 2024

September 3 – 6, 2024

IFIBYNE Auditorium, FCEN-UBA

 

INHIBITION OF RAC1 ACTIVITY ENHANCES TRASTUZUMAB SENSITIVITY IN HER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER CELLS THROUGH CELL CYCLE DEREGULATION

Virginia Judith Wolos1, Marianela Abrigo1, Ezequiel Lacunza2,3, Daniel Fernando Alonso3,4, Georgina Alexandra Cardama3,4, Gabriel León Fiszman1,3,

1.Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Área Investigación, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2.Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina 3.CONICET, Argentina 4.Centro de Oncología Molecular y Traslacional (COMTra), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Quilmes, Argentina

Presenting Autor:
Virginia Judith Wolos

Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Área Investigación, Departamento de Inmunobiología

HER2 signaling to Rac1 GTPase and Rac1 pathway deregulation have been associated to increased survival of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells and resistance to targeted therapy. In this scenario, we evaluated the effects of Rac1 inhibition on breast cancer cells treated with trastuzumab, a HER2-directed antibody widely used for patient treatment. First, we assessed the effect of trastuzumab and the novel Rac1 inhibitor 1A-116 on the viability of BT-474 and SK-BR-3 cell monolayers. Not only single drug treatment significantly decrease the viability of both cell lines (p<0.05), but also a synergistic interaction was found using Combenefit software (p<0.05). To further study this effect, we evaluated drug combinations in 3D cultures. Whereas the growth of BT-474 cell spheroids was inhibited by both trastuzumab and 1A-116 (p<0.05), drug combination induced a significant reduction in spheroid volume (p<0.05). Moreover, interesting results were seen using trastuzumab-resistant BT-474-R cells. Spheroid growth was diminished by trastuzumab and 1A-116 separately compared to control spheroids (p<0.05). However, a significant reduction in spheroid volume was found after treatment with trastuzumab in combination with 1A-116 (p<0.05). To address the cellular processes behind Rac1 inhibition, we analyzed proteomic profiling data. Through a mass spectrometry-based label-free quantification approach, BT-474 cells treated with trastuzumab and 1A-116 were compared with cells treated with trastuzumab alone. The deregulation of proteins governing G1/S transition appeared to be particularly relevant (p<0.05). Thus, we next studied cyclin D1 expression and the cell cycle. We found significantly lower levels of cyclin D1 in BT-474 cells treated with both drugs together (p<0.05), along with an upward trend in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. These results push us forward to further investigate the potential benefits of targeting Rac1 pathway in breast cancer patients with HER2-overexpression.